UGC Seminar paper on UN Reform Issues and Challenges TNDLU

The UN system flourished during and after the world wars, the purpose of the UN system was drafted by none other than those special countries, who were fully engaged in war. Not alone the war, the losses and infrastructure damage they saw on their eyes. Ignited their consciousness &  the ground reality statistics, which forced them to draft the international co-operation system and accept the earlier charters. Finally UN proposal came up from the same leaders who were very active in the war fields, leaders of powerful nations.

This had a special interest to safeguard each other interests on self centered approach, not to infiltrate into each other political businesses, but maintain mutual interests.

Even after many decades, the so called UN system and it’s organs are proving to be a failure on the performance front, whether it is food, global peace or  harmony?

Yes, there have been some positive efforts by the UN group organs , but the presumption is that those actions and changes are either giving back them an indirect monetary and resources benefits  or just enabling them to keep the title.

It is conclusive because, somewhere on the mother earth, the war’s are still on, many still dying of hunger. The only difference between those previous wars and the present, is the change of theme, name & style.

The statistics on health, food, war deaths and poverty have not changed much, may be we could blame on the sovereign and non-sovereign countries and their selfish leaders.

But the question remains, when UN organs can get into wars in the name of war on terrorism, weapons of mass destruction and toppling governments with NATO  forces, why cannot topple the government in Sudan,  were thousands of innocents are being killed every day by bullets and empty stomach.
The change, need to be witnessed in the UN structure and its objectives, including the list of grouped nations & VETO power.
 
Mainly..
a) To aim to realize justification of actions executed through veto  powers.
b) To curtail action those targeting the national resources.
c) To stop funding programme those indirectly benefit  the funding nations & vandalizing national resources.

The world is on the middle of food crisis, around 15% of  world population is in hunger, including those fully developed, developing nations & under developed nations. The scarcity of food is not necessarily from food production, but truly followed by  the effective prediction of  food demand, foot stocks, food grain & food wastage,  logistical & distribution problems.

The world is producing enough food, compared to 3 decades earlier. But there is an un-proportionate change between food producing and hungry index. The reports say in 1980’s the hunger among the world population was 10%, but now the same is above 14 %, whereas the food production increased 17% compared to those decades.
Poverty & socio economical problem leading to producing & purchasing capacity,  namely the poverty. It is a serious problem of community based population.

The technologies, roads, air and sea distribution mechanisms have changed a lot, but the ground factors of  moving food to hunger driven nations is a still a serious of concern.  The UN organs just remaining a watchdog. Witnessing like hand folded, but surprisingly remaining vigilant on executing wars and signing contracts with developing nations.

The Hunger and famine, shortage of food could be due to two reasons.
 1) Food production is not sufficient
2) Food distribution is not sufficient.

The first reason cannot be true;  because the production of food is increasing every year. The nitrogen fertilizers, pesticides, desert farming, use of technologies are giving two folds  increase in food grain production. But the second reason is strongly visible to determine famine, because it is direct proportionate to the States willingness to plan in advance, buy food grains, move food, implement human oriented administration approaches of states.

Another crucial factor that is predicted to famine and malnutrition/hunger is that the affordability and pricing of food. After globalization and implementing commodity exchanges, the price of essential foods have increased 2 to 3 fold in  the recent years. Credit goes to globalization, World Trade Organization & World bank. The famine affected population who are normally below poverty line cannot afford anything even the  grains. Sub-Saharan African countries are some of the worst affected by the shortage of food grains, internal conflict wars, economic failures & social failures of the state.

In 1983-1985, In Ethiopia & Sudan 12, 00,000 people were killed by consequences of economic failure and food shortage namely the famine. Even in the year 2000 Niger a country situated in Africa had a food security crisis, near about 36 lakhs people have suffered because of unavailability of food.  Not only in Africa, In Asia our country India, China, Japan, Cambodia, Vietnam, North Korea all have faced food crisis.
Surprisingly even during this period the economy and expenditure of United Nations on war , was more than the requirement  of world food crisis.    

III: The change world need (VETO, NATO, FAO, WFP)

FAO, Food Agriculture Organization should feel shame of reporting the statistics of world food shortage, admitting that there is increase in food shortage & famine. As a remedial solution, FAO shall request/direct UN the mother organ  to stop its spending which is  summing upto trillions of dollars on wars.  War on terrorism,  toppling governments, creating unrest around the world, specially in Asia, Middle East & African regions. It is very much evidence in history that in 1991, The Ecologist magazine produced a special issue under the heading called “The UN Food and Agriculture Organization: Promoting World Hunger”.

The interesting figures which is an evidence of UN promoting World hunger.
a)    The Annual Budget of FAO is just 1 Billion US Dollars. 4500 Crores(1 Billion Dollar Approximately).
b)    The Annual Budget of WFP is INR 25000 crores (Twenty five thousand crores) (5 Billion Dollars Approximately) , out of these 80% fund goes
c)    NATO countries Military budget . Top 4  countries namely the US, UK, France & Germany are alone. 860 Billions USD. That is  INR  38,70,000 crores (Thirty Eight Lakh seventy thousand crores)  150 times higher than the WFP budget and  750 Times higher than FAO budget. Which was actually founded as the core organ of United Nations with special interest to bring down the hunger.

The recent wars, war on terrorisms in Iraq, Afghanistan & NATO war on Libya are the best examples of investment opportunities for the VETO nations mainly these countries being naturally  resourced oil countries.

It is shame that the same NATO/UN supports toppling a kind of coupe by  supplying weapons  to  militia &  fight against the government, but the same UN NATO failed to witness the killing of thousands of Tamils on the tamil elam freedom movement in Sri Lanka.
This incidences show the strong interests of veto nations and interests based on the self centered political policies and natural resources.

The below report from an organization called Feeding America, a project by an NGO is an eye opener for the world, A country which is spending around 680 Billion dollars on military is getting dominated by the Hunger mainly due the social development problem within country.

USA Hunger Facts
In many ways, America is the land of plenty. But for 1 in 6 Americans, hunger is a reality. Many people believe that the problems associated with hunger are confined to small pockets of society, certain areas of the country, or certain neighborhoods, but the reality is much different.
Right now, millions of Americans are struggling with hunger.  These are often hard-working adults, children and seniors who simply cannot make ends meet and are forced to go without food for several meals, or even days.

Conclusion:
Though the UN was established and 193 members are part of such umbrella system, the majority of contribution and major decision making policies are empowered only to those veto powered nations.
Recent wars in the name of war on terrorism,  weapons of mass destruction are the greatest example of failure in organizational and organizing behavior, objectives and targets were politically driven , lapse of humanity centered approach. Because the number of killings on these war affected nations  increasing everyday compared to the dictator rules. The fundamental rights of citizens are still not protected by the UN, namely on the food, health, education & freedom to live peacefully.

Veto nations spend billions of dollars, with main aim to have the dominating, influential and political epicenter.  Proving a failure to up hold the human values, basics rights such as food, shelter and safety. Restructuring VETO by extending it as a collection of region based group, amend mission statements,  enhancing human rights values, target worldwide schemes, ignore  voting based approvals and favoring the  nations.

Change to empower  the UN and it’s organs, mainly promote nation based participation of UN missions, regulate standards and systems in FAO & WFP.  Statistically bring down the very fundamental food problem of the human society. Emphasize to downsize the military budgets. Allocate more funds to serve fundamental needs of the study. Accept the need for reforms and change, curtail the dominating veto nation objectives & international political policies. Curtail the indirect colonization in terms of globalization and stabilization.

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Devarajan

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